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为了解高白细胞性急性白血病（ＨＡＬ）的临床规律和预后因素。对２４４例ＨＡＬ和同期非ＨＡＬ进行回顾性对照分析。结果显示：发现ＨＡＬ构成比为８．５％，ＨＡＬ中急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ）较多，在急性髓细胞白血病（ＡＭＬ）中Ｍ５占的比例最多，为４０．５％。ＨＡＬ发病时肝、脾、淋巴结肿大，ＤＩＣ，中枢神经系统白血病（ＣＮＳＬ）较非ＨＡＬ为多。完全缓解（ＣＲ）率为４１．４％，低于非ＨＡＬ的５４．２％，早期病死率是２３．８％。早期死亡的主要原因是颅内出血，占５０％。早期死亡的高危因素有发病时Ｈｂ≤４０ｇ／Ｌ，血小板≤３０×１０９／Ｌ，ＤＩＣ，感染，ＣＮＳＬ。结果显示：ＨＡＬ完全缓解率低，早期死亡率高，预后差，特别是ＨＡＬ－ＡＭＬ的早期死亡率明显高于ＨＡＬ－ＡＬＬ，要重视其早期处理。
To understand the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of high leukocyte acute leukemia (HAL). A retrospective comparative analysis of 244 HALs and concurrent non-HALs was performed. The results showed that the composition ratio of HAL was 8.5%, and there was more acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in HAL. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) M5 accounted for the most, accounting for 40.5%. Liver, spleen, and lymph nodes are enlarged at the onset of HAL, and DIC and central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) are more common than non-HAL. The rate of complete remission (CR) was 41.4%, which was lower than that of non-HAL 54.2%. The early mortality rate was 23.8%. The main cause of early death was intracranial hemorrhage, accounting for 50%. The risk factors for early death were Hb≤40g/L, platelet≤30×109/L, DIC, infection, and CNSL. The results showed that: HAL complete remission rate is low, early mortality is high, the prognosis is poor, especially the early mortality of HAL-AML was significantly higher than HAL-ALL, we should pay attention to its early treatment.