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混合物分离最简单的方法是利用其密度的差别,选择其中间密度的液体来进行沉浮分离。这种沉浮分离法的缺点是纯液体密度低,而很多固体密度高,只有很少液体在环境温度下的密度大于2克/厘米~3。其次,任何一种液体的密度均是一个定值不易改变,改变温度只能在很小的范围内改变液体的密度,因此,这就使沉浮分离的应用受到限制。 而应用磁流体在磁场中的飘浮特性,可对非磁性物料进行分离,有效地克服常规沉浮分离法的缺点。国外已将磁流体分离技术应用于密封、阻尼、石油污染处理等方面。我国亦正在研制和试用磁流体。
The easiest way to separate the mixture is to use its difference in density to select the mid-density liquid for the up-and-down separation. The disadvantage of this sedimentation is the low density of pure liquids, and the high density of many solids. Only very few liquids have a density greater than 2 g / cm3 at ambient temperature. Secondly, the density of any liquid is a fixed value is not easy to change, change the temperature can only change the liquid density within a very small range, therefore, the application of ups and downs of the float is limited. The application of magnetic fluid in the magnetic field in the floating characteristics of non-magnetic materials can be separated, effectively overcome the shortcomings of the conventional sedimentation method. Foreign magnetic fluid separation technology has been applied to sealing, damping, oil pollution treatment and so on. China is also developing and testing magnetic fluids.