初中历史新课程标准指出,鼓励自主、合作、探究式学习,倡导教师转变教学方式,使全体学生都得到发展。这是初中历史课程的基本理念之一,实现这一理念,就需要全面深化教学改革,落实学生的主体地位,提高教学的实效性,打造高效的历史课堂。一、确立以人为本的教学理念“理念是行动的向导。”这说的是理念指导具体的实践活动。而科学的、正确的教学理念可以有效指导教学的实践,使课堂充满生机与活力,充满正能量。在新课程背 The new junior high school curriculum standard states that encouraging independent, cooperative and inquiry-based learning encourages teachers to change their teaching methods so that all students will develop. This is one of the basic concepts of junior high school history curriculum. To achieve this concept, we need to deepen the teaching reform in an all-round way, implement the students’ dominant position, improve the effectiveness of teaching and build an efficient history class. First, the establishment of people-oriented teaching philosophy “concept is the action of the wizard. ” This is the concept of guiding specific practical activities. The scientific and correct teaching philosophy can effectively guide the practice of teaching so that the classroom is full of vigor and vitality, full of positive energy. In the new course back