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随着城市化进程的加快,大量农村青壮年劳动力外出,农村人口结构的老龄化及空巢化进一步加剧,使得农村空巢老人的养老问题由隐性变为显性,且成为政府及学界高度关注的社会现实问题。本文以B村为个案,基于实地调研,从代际关系的视角出发探讨农村空巢老人日常生活形态下的养老现状、存在问题及其解决举措。代际关系的经济供养、生活照料、精神慰藉等与其生活满意度密切相关,认为子女与父母代际关系(抚养与赡养)之间的失衡是造成养老困境的直接因素。从社会交换理论和利他主义动机分析家庭子女的心理特征,传统的孝文化被淡化,呈现出自我为中心的利己主义和平等的价值交易理念。侧重于探讨经济因素和家庭关系对老人养老状况的影响。
With the acceleration of the process of urbanization, a large number of young and middle-aged migrant workers go out and the population structure in rural areas is becoming more and more populated. This makes the problem of pension for the elderly with empty nests in the countryside changed from recessive to dominant and becomes highly regarded by government and academia Concerned about the social reality. Taking B village as an example, based on the field investigation, this paper discusses the current situation, existing problems and countermeasures of pension in the daily life of empty-nesters from the perspective of intergenerational relations. Intergenerational economic support, life care and spiritual comfort are closely related to their life satisfaction. It is considered that the imbalance between children and their parents’ intergenerational relationship (rearing and maintenance) is the direct factor that causes pensions. From the perspective of social exchange theory and the motivation of altruism to analyze the psychological characteristics of family children, the traditional filial piety culture has been diluted, showing self-centered egoism and equal value trading concept. Focusing on the impact of economic factors and family relationships on the status of the elderly.