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近年来,由于对厌氧菌感染的认识逐步深入和免疫学的发展,人们对感染时机体免疫力的重要性有了进一步认识,并在术后感染的诊断,防治方面有许多新的进展,现概述如下: 一、腹部术后感染的诊断 (一)机体免疫缺陷的预测:机体免疫力下降,如高龄、营养不良、创伤、使用免疫抑制药物、肝硬化、糖尿病,肾衰及长期使用类固醇激素的病人,感染率明显增高;部分有免疫缺陷病者更易发生感染。机体免疫力的缺陷可通过迟发型皮肤试验进行预测,凡对5种延迟反应抗原(纯蛋白衍化物、毛发癣菌属、腮腺炎皮试验抗原、白色念球菌及双链酶)及DNCB(二硝基氯苯)均不起反应者,列为无反应状态,提示术后感染发生率高。
In recent years, due to the gradual deepening of understanding of anaerobic infections and the development of immunology, people are more aware of the importance of the immune system during infection, and there are many new advances in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of postoperative infection. Are summarized as follows: First, the diagnosis of abdominal infection (a) the prediction of immune deficiency: decreased immunity, such as old age, malnutrition, trauma, the use of immunosuppressive drugs, cirrhosis, diabetes, renal failure and long-term use of steroids Hormone patients, the infection rate was significantly increased; some immunodeficiency patients are more susceptible to infection. Defects in the immunity of the body can be predicted by a delayed-type skin test, where 5 delayed response antigens (pure protein derivatives, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, mumps test antigens, Candida albicans and double-stranded enzymes) and DNCB Nitrochlorobenzene) were non-responders were classified as non-responsive state, suggesting a high incidence of postoperative infection.