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用Ｍｏｒｒｉｓ水迷宫行为检测方法以青年组平均逃避潜伏期９５％和９９％正常值范围上限值为界将老年大鼠分为学习记忆正常组（老年正常组）和学习记忆减退组（老年减退组），以Ｈｅｄｒｅｅｎ等推荐的ＡＣｈＥ组织化学染色方法结合形态计量方法对各组大鼠的额、枕、内嗅皮质、海马ＣＡ１区多形层、腔隙分子层和齿状回分子层外带的胆碱能纤维密度进行分析，结果显示老年减退组较老年正常组、青年组各层（除枕叶外）ＡＣｈＥ阳性纤维数量均明显减少（Ｐ０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。老年正常组与青年组相比各层阳性纤维数量有所减少，但除海马ＣＡ１区腔隙分子层差异显著外，其余差异均无显著性。相关分析结果表明大鼠各层ＡＣｈＥ阳性纤维数量与其平均逃避潜伏期呈负相关关系，与原平台象限游泳距离占总距离百分比呈正相关关系。本研究提示老年性学习记忆能力减退与新皮质、海马结构胆碱能纤维溃变密切相关。
The Morris water maze behavior test was used to divide the aged rats into the normal learning and memory group (normal aged group) and the learning and memory impairment group (old aged hypothyroidism group) according to the upper bound of 95% of the mean escape latency and the upper limit of the normal range of 99% ), Hedreen and other recommended AChE histochemical staining combined with morphometric methods for the rat forehead, occipital and entorhinal cortex, hippocampal CA1 polymorphic layer, lacunar molecular layer and dentate gyrus molecular layer Cholinergic fiber density analysis showed that the number of AChE-positive fibers in the aged group decreased significantly (P <0.05, P <0.01) compared with the normal group and the young group except the occipital lobe. Compared with the young group, the number of positive fibers in the normal group was lower than that in the young group, but there was no significant difference except for the difference in the molecular level of lacustrine CA1. Correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the number of AChE-positive fibers in each layer of rats and their average escape latency and a positive correlation with the swimming distance of the original platform quadrant in the total distance. This study suggests that the decline of learning and memory in senility is closely related to the degeneration of cholinergic fibers in the neocortex and hippocampus.