A new species, Brachytarsophrys popei sp. nov., is described based on a series of specimens collected from Mount Jinggang, Jiangxi Province, Taoyuandong Nature Reserve, Hunan Province and Nanling Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province, China. The new species can be easily distinguished from other known congeners by morphology, morphometrics and molecular data of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. It is characterized by its relatively small size with 86.2 mm in snout-vent length in adult female and 70.7 mm-83.5 mm in males;vomerine teeth bearing on two markedly elevated ridges, which projecting behind far beyond the posterior level of the choanae, widely separated by a distance nearly 1.5 times length of one;margin of tongue deeply notched behind;toes about one-third to two-thirds webbed in males, at most one-third webbed in female;the webs extending as a wide fringes along either side of toes;upper eyelid with tubercles, one of which is enlarged and becoming a remarkably prominent, bluntly conical light-yellow horn;black tiny nuptial spines on the dorsal surface of the ifrst ifnger and second ifnger base, single vocal sac in males;gravid females bear pure yellowish oocytes;tadpoles with a transverse white stripe on ventral surface and two longitudinal white stripes along the sides of body. The new species represents the iffth known Brachytarsophrys species.