HIV 引起的免疫缺陷为 TB 复发和感染提供了有利条件。与有关 HIV 的机会菌感染所不同的是,TB 对周围居民、朋友和卫生保健人员,不论其免疫系统正常与否都可有传染性。防止 TB 复发和早期查清活动性 TB病人,对个人和公共卫生都是致关重要的。HIV 阳性病人一般在发生卡氏肺囊虫病或鸟细胞内分枝杆菌病之前出现 TB。据最近加拿大的研究,活动性 TB 与 HIV 合并感染的个体中,CD4细胞计数为200~+。在可能出现 TB 和 HIV 合并感染的病人管理时必须考虑下列事项:1.许多美国研究证明,HIV 阳性者比 Immunodeficiency caused by HIV provides favorable conditions for TB recurrence and infection. Unlike the opportunistic bacterial infections associated with HIV, TB can be contagious to the inhabitants, friends and health care providers, regardless of their normal immune system. Preventing TB recurrence and early detection of active TB patients are both crucial to both personal and public health. HIV-positive patients generally develop TB before Pneumocystis carinii or bird intracellular mycosis. According to a recent Canadian study, individuals with active TB and HIV co-infection have a CD4 count of 200+. The following must be considered when managing patients with TB and HIV co-infections: 1. Many U.S. studies have demonstrated that HIV-positive patients