学术界往往认为清代的贵州苗疆社会仍是由村寨社会自然产生的寨老、头人等固有权威实行统治。通过对历史资料的挖掘,可以发现这一看法存在很大问题。晚清时期贵州苗疆基层社会的民间权威已经发生了重大变化,士绅基层逐渐崛起,并逐渐取得了对地域社会的控制能力。他们在整合地域秩序、调解民间纠纷方面发挥着重要的作用,但这种作用发挥与寨老等传统权威的治理方式有着根本的不同。 Academics often think that in the Qing Dynasty Guizhou Miao society was still the inherent authority of the village and village chiefs and other leaders. Through the excavation of historical data, we can find that there is a big problem with this view. In the late Qing Dynasty, the grassroots social authority of Miaojiang in Guizhou Province has undergone major changes. The basic level of the gentry has gradually risen and gradually gained the control over the local community. They play an important role in the integration of the regional order and the mediation of civil disputes. However, their role is fundamentally different from that of the traditional authority of the Walled Kingdom.