Ultra-high performance cement-based composites (UHPCC) is promising in construction of concrete structures that suffer impact and explosive loads. In this study, a reference UHPCC mixture with no fiber reinforcement and four mixtures with a single type of fiber reinforcement or hybrid fiber reinforcements of straight smooth and end hook type of steel fibers were prepared. Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was performed to investigate the dynamic compression behavior of UHPCC and X-CT test and 3D reconstruction technology were used to indicate the failure process of UHPCC under impact loading. Results show that UHPCC with 1％ straight smooth fiber and 2％ end hook fiber reinforcements demonstrated the best static and dynamic mechanical properties. When the hybrid steel fiber reinforcements are added in the concrete, it may need more impact energy to break the matrix and to pull out the fiber reinforcements, thus, the mixture with hybrid steel fiber reinforcements demonstrates excellent dynamic compressive performance.