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“我们周围的海洋”项目始于1999年中期,该项目由美国宾夕法尼亚州费城的皮尤慈善信托基金会发起,以加拿大温哥华的不列颠哥伦比亚大学渔业中心为基地,其目标是(现在仍是)研究渔业对海洋生态系统的影响,并提出减轻这些影响的政策措施。尽管是作为全球性的项目来提出的,该项目首先着眼于数据丰富的北大西洋作为试验平台来探索研究方法,绘制了渔获量数据以及通过对长渔获时间序列数据进行分析获得的生态系统健康指标图。项目已取得的初步成就包括绘制出了整个北大西洋盆地从1900年至今高营养级鱼类数量的下降图,提出了关于北大西洋生态系统功能变化的令人信服的证据,并总结在2003年的一本书中。接下来研究的是中部和南大西洋的盆地,主要研究精力放在西非附近的远洋船队上,相关研究在2002年塞内加尔达喀尔研讨会上达到高峰。在完全转向全球性的研究前,项目还研究了北太平洋、南极洲、海洋哺乳动物及热带印度洋-太平洋渔业多样性,我们所有主要的分析和报告(例如,海洋哺乳动物和渔业之间的相互作用的报告、船队耗油量的分析、小规模渔业渔获量分析和渔业补贴研究)均是基于全球性的研究成果。总而言之,项目的目标是对渔业进行再评估,使那些仍然认为他们是在从事有益的活动的人们认识到实际上他们已经对海洋的生物多样性造成了巨大的损失。此外,将项目的重点放在全球评估(而非具有不可靠共性的局部评估)使该项目对于多个全球性的行动有所贡献(例如,在生物多样性公约中海洋营养指数的制定和千年生态系统评估中的海洋生态系统服务的量化方面),即:我们期望增加的并为之诚邀来自学术界和环境非政府组织合作的活动。
The “Ocean around us” project started in mid-1999 by the Pew Charitable Trusts in Philadelphia, PA, and is based at the University of British Columbia Fisheries Center in Vancouver, Canada, with the goal of (and still ) To study the impact of fisheries on marine ecosystems and propose policy measures to mitigate these effects. Although proposed as a global project, the project first looks at a data-rich North Atlantic as a testing platform to explore research methods, draw catch data and ecosystems derived from analysis of long-catch time-series data Health indicators chart. Preliminary achievements of the project include a descending picture of the abundance of high trophic levels throughout the North Atlantic Basin from 1900 to the present, compelling evidence of changes in the functioning of the North Atlantic ecosystem, and summarized in 2003 In a book What followed was a study of basins in the central and southern Atlantic whose main focus was on the ocean-going fleets near West Africa, culminating in the 2002 Dakar Seminar in Senegal. The project also studied the diversity of fisheries in the North Pacific, Antarctica, marine mammals and tropical Indian Ocean-Pacific fisheries, and all of our major analyzes and reports (eg, interactions between marine mammals and fisheries) before fully shifting to global research Reports of fleet fuel consumption, small-scale fisheries catch analysis and fisheries subsidies) are based on global research findings. All in all, the goal of the project is to re-evaluate the fisheries so that those who still think they are engaged in beneficial activities recognize that in fact they have caused huge losses to the marine biodiversity. In addition, focusing the project on global assessments (rather than having local assessments that are not reliable in common) contributed to the project’s contribution to several global initiatives (for example, the development of the Marine Nutritional Index and the Millennium Development Goals in the Convention on Biological Diversity Quantification of marine ecosystem services in ecosystem assessment), namely: We expect to see more and invite invitations to collaborations between academia and environmental non-governmental organizations.