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为了解甘肃小麦白粉病菌的毒性变化动态及其群体遗传结构,利用毒性监测及多基因家系法,对采自甘肃省大陇南地区陇南、天水两市的49个小麦白粉菌的单孢子堆分离物进行群体遗传结构研究。毒性监测结果显示:供试菌株对抗病基因Pm12、Pm16、Pm18、Pm21的毒性频率均低于10%,表明上述抗病基因可以在育种和生产中继续使用;近些年定名的抗病基因Pm23、Pm25、Pm30、Pm34、Pm35的毒性频率为35%~95%,并在陇南、天水两市间存在差异,说明这些基因的利用需要慎重;对Pm4b的毒性频率已大幅度上升;在相似系数为0.752时,除11号菌株之外,其余聚为四类。选择AOX、EFA、PKA、PPA、TUB五个基因片段对供试菌株的多基因家系分析表明:基因序列聚为两类,病菌在陇南、天水两市间及各县市间存在传播。甘肃省大陇南地区病菌毒性多态性较高;白粉菌在各地区间存在交流的同时,也存在一定的独立进化。
In order to understand the dynamic changes of Toxoplasmosis and the population genetic structure of Gansu wheat germ, 49 virulent strains of wheat powdery mildew were collected from Longnan and Tianshui cities in the Longnan area of Gansu Province by using toxicity monitoring and multi-gene family method. Study population genetic structure. Toxicity monitoring results showed that the virulence frequencies of the tested strains against the resistant genes Pm12, Pm16, Pm18 and Pm21 were both less than 10%, indicating that the above resistance genes can be used continuously in breeding and production. In recent years, the named resistance genes The frequency of toxicity of Pm23, Pm25, Pm30, Pm34 and Pm35 was between 35% and 95%, and there were differences between Longnan and Tianshui, indicating that the utilization of these genes needs to be cautious; the frequency of toxicity to Pm4b has risen sharply; Coefficient of 0.752, in addition to No. 11 strains, the rest of the four categories. The analysis of the multi-gene families of the tested strains by selecting AOX, EFA, PKA, PPA and TUB gene fragments showed that the gene sequences clustered into two types and the pathogens were spread between Longnan and Tianshui cities and counties. The pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria in Da Long was higher in Gansu Province. While the powdery mildew existed in all regions, there was also some independent evolution.