观察在认识客观事物中具有特殊的意义。直接的、第一手的材料,主要是靠观察得来的。如果没有观察,那就如同瞎子一样,对于外界事物的感觉和认识就会失掉许多。世界上许多发明创造,都是从观察开始的。据法国学者伏尔泰记载,牛顿坐在苹果树下观察苹果落地,想到了地球的吸引力,从而发现了万有引力定律。瓦特观察水开后蒸汽能顶起壶盖,从而改进了蒸汽机。达尔文对各种生物进行长期观察,创立了生物进化论的学说。巴甫洛夫通过观察,揭示了高级神经活动的规 Observation has special meaning in knowing objective things. Direct, first-hand materials, mainly by observation. If you do not observe it, then like a blind person, you will lose a lot of feeling and understanding of the outside world. Many inventions and innovations in the world start with observation. According to the French scholar Voltaire, Newton sat down under an apple tree to observe the apple landing and thought of the earth’s attraction, thus discovering the law of universal gravitation. Watt watts the steam open after the water can lift the lid, thus improving the steam engine. Darwin conducted long-term observations of various organisms and founded the doctrine of biological evolution. Pavlov, through observation, revealed the rules of advanced neural activity