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在讨论地震预报之前,我想先概略地谈谈地震是一种什么样的自然现象.否则,便不能很好地理解地震预报的原理.地震在同一地点的重复发生地震是由于应力慢慢积累引起地壳应变并达到无法承受的程度时,产生的一种破坏现象.其破裂的方式多种多样.而地震时是采取以某个断层面为界面向两侧错动的方式的,亦即由于断层错动而引起地震的发生.一般情况下,断层错动是以每秒3公里左右的速度进行的.如果是8级地震,所需要的断层面可长达100—150公里.地震从开始到结束,即到断层形成时为止,往往需要数十秒钟的时间.另一个重要现象是,地震往往发生在曾经发生过地震的老震区.如:
Before discussing earthquake prediction, I would like to briefly outline what kind of natural phenomenon an earthquake is, otherwise, the principle of earthquake prediction can not be well understood.Repeating earthquakes in the same place is caused by the gradual accumulation of stress Causing crustal strain and reach unbearable extent, the phenomenon of a phenomenon of its rupture in a wide range of ways.And the earthquake is to take a fault plane as the interface to the side of the way to the wrong side, that is due to In general, faults are displaced at a speed of about 3 km per second, and in the case of a magnitude 8 earthquake, the required fault plane can be as long as 100-150 km. To the end, that is, up to the time of fault formation, it usually takes tens of seconds to complete.Another important phenomenon is that earthquakes often occur in the old earthquake zone where an earthquake has occurred, such as: