目的:调查了解广西柳州地区学龄前儿童蛲虫感染的情况及其相关的影响因素。方法:随机选取广西柳州地区城市和农村各5所幼儿园中的50例学龄前儿童作为研究对象,采用透明胶纸肛拭法对其进行蛲虫感染的调查研究,并通过发放调查问卷的方法对所选儿童及家长的生活卫生习惯、学校卫生环境及家长的文化程度等进行调查。结果:所选取的500例儿童中感染儿童48例,总感染率为9.60%。经单因素结果分析5~6岁组、农村儿童、饭前便后不洗手、喜食生食、教室地面打扫不彻底、父母外出打工等因素影响下的儿童蛲虫感染率较高,多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果表现为饭前洗手、饮食卫生、清洗肛周、定期清洁被褥、学校环境卫生、卫生宣教、年龄、不同地区等是影响蛲虫感染率的因素。结论:广西柳州地区农村学龄前儿童蛲虫感染率明显高于城市,在以后蛲虫防治工作的部署中应把农村、饮食卫生习惯差、留守儿童、环境卫生差、高年龄组的儿童作为重点防治对象,做好卫生宣教工作,做好个人防护,降低儿童蛲虫感染率。 Objective: To investigate the prevalence and related factors of pinworm infection in preschool children in Liuzhou, Guangxi. Methods: Fifty preschool children from five kindergartens in urban and rural areas of Liuzhou were randomly selected as the research object. The infection of pinworm was investigated by using the transparent adhesive tape anal swab method. Select children’s and parents ’hygiene habits, school health environment and parents’ education level. Results: Among the 500 children selected, 48 cases were infected with the total infection rate of 9.60%. The results of single factor analysis of 5 to 6-year-old group, rural children, before and after wash hands, eat raw food, classroom floor cleaning is not complete, parents go out to work under the influence of factors such as higher prevalence of pinworm children, multifactorial The results of conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the infection rate of pinworm were the hand washing, diet hygiene, perianal cleansing, regular cleaning of bedding, school sanitation, health education, age, and different regions. Conclusion: The prevalence of pinworm in preschool children in rural areas of Liuzhou was significantly higher than that of urban areas in Guangxi. In the future, the incidence of pinworm in rural areas should be lower than that of rural areas, with poor hygiene habits, left-behind children, poor sanitation and high age group children Prevention and treatment of objects, do a good job of health education, personal protection and reduce the incidence of pinworm infection in children.