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背景:理想的股骨头坏死模型是研究其病因、发病机制及治疗的基础,但到目前为止,仍无一种模型制作方法得到公认。目的:观察不同灭活温度和时间兔股骨头的坏死和修复情况,分析微波灭活建立兔股骨头坏死模型的适宜温度和时间。设计:随机对照动物实验。单位:昆明医学院动物实验中心。材料:实验于2004-09/2005-11在昆明医学院动物实验中心完成。选用健康成年新西兰大白兔48只,雌雄不拘,由昆明医学院动物实验中心提供。实验过程中对动物处置符合动物伦理学标准。微波灭活所用GW-92C型多功能微波治疗仪由格兰德医用设备(天津)有限公司生产。方法:将48只大白兔共96侧股骨头随机分为4组,每组24侧股骨头:50℃10min微波灭活组,55℃10min微波灭活组,50℃20min微波灭活组,60℃10min微波灭活组。应用多功能治疗仪进行微波灭活建立兔股骨头坏死模型,作用温度及时间同分组。主要观察指标:分于术后即刻,1,2,4,8和12周6个时间点进行指标观察,每个时间点2只兔(4侧股骨头)。对标本及其周围组织进行大体观察。拍摄骨盆正位片,观察股骨头骨小梁排列、有无囊性变、头塌陷及髋关节破坏等。通过MRI检查,观察股骨头有无坏死及坏死范围。苏木精-伊红染色,光镜下观察股骨头标本坏死及修复情况。结果:50℃10min微波灭活组术后1周部分骨髓组织凝固变性,术后8周时坏死骨小梁及骨髓组织完全吸收。55℃10min微波灭活组术后1周骨髓组织凝固,术后2周时股骨头出现T1相信号减低、T2相信号增高区;术后4周时坏死与修复同时进行,术后12周时骨修复停止,骨坏死继续,股骨头开始塌陷。50℃20min微波灭活组、60℃10min微波灭活组:术后8周所有股骨头塌陷变形。结论:55℃作用10min微波灭活股骨头是制作兔股骨头坏死模型的适宜温度和时间。
BACKGROUND: The ideal model of femoral head necrosis is the basis for studying the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome. However, up to now, there is still no recognized method of making a model. OBJECTIVE: To observe the necrosis and repair of femoral head in rabbits with different temperature and time of inactivation, and to analyze the suitable temperature and time for establishing rabbit model of osteonecrosis of femoral head by microwave inactivation. Design: Randomized controlled animal experiments. Unit: Kunming Medical College Animal Experiment Center. MATERIALS: Experiments were performed at Animal Experimental Center, Kunming Medical College from September 2004 to November 2005. 48 healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits, male or female, were provided by Animal Experimental Center of Kunming Medical College. Animal experiments in the process of animal ethical standards. Microwave Inactivation GW-92C multi-function microwave therapeutic equipment used by the Grand Medical Equipment (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. production. Methods: Ninety-six femoral heads of 48 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group had 24 femoral heads: microwave inactivated group at 50 ℃ for 10min, microwave inactivated group at 55 ℃ for 10min, microwave inactivated group at 50 ℃ for 20min, ℃ 10min microwave inactivation group. The model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head was established by microwave inactivation in multifunctional therapeutic apparatus, and the effect temperature and time were divided into groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Points were observed immediately after operation at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, with 2 rabbits (4 femoral heads) at each time point. General observation of specimens and surrounding tissues. Shooting pelvic anteroposterior film, observe the femoral head trabecular arrangement, with or without cystic degeneration, head collapse and hip joint destruction. Through the MRI examination, observe the necrosis and necrosis of the femoral head range. Hematoxylin - eosin staining, light microscope observation of necrosis and repair of the femoral head. Results: Some bone marrow tissues were denatured and degenerated in the microwave inactivation group at 50 ℃ for 10 min. The necrotic trabecular bone and bone marrow tissue were completely absorbed at 8 weeks after operation. At 1 week after operation at 55 ℃ for 10min, the bone marrow tissues were coagulated. The signal of T1 phase and the signal of T2 phase increased at 2 weeks after operation. Necrosis and repair were performed at 4 weeks after operation. At 12 weeks after operation, Bone repair stopped, bone necrosis continued, the femoral head began to collapse. Microwave inactivation group at 50 ℃ for 20min and microwave inactivation group at 60 ℃ for 10min. All the femoral head collapsed and deformed at 8 weeks after operation. CONCLUSION: Microwave inactivation of the femoral head at 55 ℃ for 10 minutes is a suitable temperature and time for the rabbit model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.