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目前,全国各地正积极开展中小学校舍抗震加固工程,努力为广大师生创建安全的校园环境,而现时中小学校舍抗震加固工程中较普遍使用的方法是:针对不满足抗震要求的结构构件进行加固,如对承重墙体双面夹装钢筋网格加固、外加圈梁构造柱、柱加大截面、构件黏贴钢板碳纤维布等。若构件不符合抗震要求的数量较多时,均须对每个不达标构件进行加固,这势必造成工程造价的大幅提升。此时,需考虑改进现有的做法,寻求一种既能满足抗震要求、又能节省工程费用的方案,即:通过对结构体系进行改造来提高房屋的抗震能力。本文以某校舍抗震加固工程为例,介绍了通过将砖墙承重结构改造为框架结构体系以提高房屋抗震能力的改造方案和施工工艺技术。该方法对提高房屋抗震能力具有明显的效果,同时改善了校舍的使用功能,具有较高的安全性和较好的经济实用性。
At present, all parts of the country are actively carrying out earthquake-resistant reinforcement projects in primary and secondary school buildings and striving to create a safe campus environment for teachers and students. At present, the most commonly used method of aseismic reinforcement of primary and secondary school buildings is to conduct structural components that do not meet the seismic requirements Reinforced, such as the load-bearing wall reinforced double-sided steel grid reinforcement, plus ring beam column, column to increase the cross-section, the components of carbon steel sheet and so on. If the number of components that do not meet the seismic requirements is high, each non-standard component must be reinforced, which will inevitably lead to a substantial increase in project cost. At this point, we must consider improving the existing practices to find a way to meet the seismic requirements, but also save on the project cost: that is, through the structural system to improve the seismic capacity of housing. In this paper, taking a seismic strengthening project of a school building as an example, this paper introduces a transformation scheme and construction technology that can improve the seismic capacity of the house by transforming the load-bearing structure of brick wall into a frame structure system. The method has obvious effect on improving earthquake resistance of houses and at the same time improves the use function of school buildings and has higher safety and better economic practicability.