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目的观察地塞米松和托烷司琼预防小儿斜视矫正术后恶心呕吐的效果。方法选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级、年龄2~12岁择期手术的患儿120例,随机分为四组(每组30例)。A组(对照组):麻醉诱导前及手术结束前,均给予静脉注射生理盐水2ml;B组(地塞米松组):麻醉诱导前给予地塞米松0.2mg/kg,手术结束前,给予静脉注射生理盐水2ml;C组(托烷司琼组):麻醉诱导前给予静脉注射生理盐水2ml,手术结束前给予托烷司琼0.1mg/kg;D组(地塞米松+托烷司琼组):麻醉诱导前给予地塞米松0.2mg/kg,手术结束前给予托烷司琼0.1mg/kg。记录各组患儿24h恶心呕吐发生率。结果四组术后24h内恶心呕吐发生率分别为:53.33%、30.00%、20.00%、6.67%。B、C、D组术后恶心呕吐发生率小于A组(P<0.05),D组小于B、C组(P<0.05)。结论地塞米松、托烷司琼能安全有效地预防小儿斜视矫正术后恶心呕吐的发生,两者联合预防效果更佳。
Objective To observe the effect of dexamethasone and tropisetron on preventing nausea and vomiting after pediatric strabismus surgery. Methods A total of 120 ASA Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ patients, aged 2 ~ 12 years old, undergoing elective surgery were randomly divided into four groups (30 in each group). Group A (control group): before induction of anesthesia and before the end of surgery, were given intravenous injection of normal saline 2ml; Group B (dexamethasone group): dexamethasone given before induction of anesthesia 0.2mg / kg, before the end of surgery to give intravenous Group C (tropisetron): given intravenous saline 2ml before induction of anesthesia, given tropisetron 0.1mg / kg before the end of surgery; Group D (dexamethasone + tropisetron group ): 0.2 mg / kg of dexamethasone was given before anesthesia induction, and tropisetron 0.1 mg / kg was given before the end of surgery. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was recorded in 24 hours in each group. Results The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the four groups were 53.33%, 30.00%, 20.00% and 6.67%, respectively. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in group B, C and D was less than that in group A (P <0.05), and in group D was less than that in group B and C (P <0.05). Conclusion Dexamethasone and tropisetron can prevent the onset of nausea and vomiting after strabismus surgery in children safely and effectively, and the combined preventive effect is better.