一、中国近代史的宏观审视 近代中国的历史发展，向来为人们所关注，不仅研究中国近代史的学者如此，其他学科的学者和社会人士也少有例外。这是因为，人们在探讨现实中国的发展道路及其所自由来时，很自然地都要直接追述它昨天的历史。中国近代历史为自己提出了两大任务：一是 First, a macro-review of the modern history of China The development of modern China has always been of concern to people, not only scholars studying modern Chinese history so, other disciplines of scholars and the community are also rare exceptions. This is because when people are exploring the path of development and the freedom of reality in China, it is natural for them to directly pursue its history yesterday. China’s modern history has proposed two major tasks for itself: First,