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从林冠层、凋落物层及土壤层3个生态作用层次对三峡库区莲峡河小流域5种主要森林类型的涵养水源功能进行了定量研究 结果表明: 林内透雨量、树干径流量与降雨量、降雨强度呈二元线性关系; 林冠截留量与降雨量呈幂函数关系 林冠截留率为16 34%~27 43%, 平均为22 15%, 依次为针阔混交林>马尾松林>针叶混交林>柏木林; 凋落物储量为10 52~21 90t·hm-2, 平均为17 61t·hm-2, 依次为针阔混交林>马尾松林>柏木林>针叶混交林>灌木林; 凋落物最大持水量为2 66~4 19mm, 平均为3 48mm, 依次为柏木林>针叶混交林>针阔混交林>马尾松林>灌木林; 土壤层非毛管蓄水量为34 68~ 44 16 mm, 平均为40 35mm,依次为柏木林>针阔混交林>针叶混交林>马尾松林>灌木林; 各种森林生态系统能够截留的降雨量总量为377 6~494 6t·hm-2, 平均为446 56t·hm-2, 柏木林的涵养水源功能最好, 针阔混交林、针叶混交林、马尾松林次之, 灌木林最小
The function of water conservation in five main forest types in the Linxiahe watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was studied quantitatively from the perspectives of canopy layer, litterfall layer and soil layer. The results showed that the amount of rainfall, trunkflow and rainfall , Rainfall intensity showed a binary linear relationship; canopy interception and rainfall as a power function relationship canopy interception rate of 16 34% ~ 27 43%, an average of 22 15%, followed by coniferous and broad-leaved forest> Pinus massoniana> coniferous mixed Forest> cypress forest. The litterfall was 10 52 ~ 21 90 t · hm-2 with an average of 17 61 t · hm-2, followed by coniferous-broadleaved forest> masson pine forest> cypress forest> coniferous mixed forest> shrub The maximum water holding capacity was 666-419mm with an average of 3 48mm, followed by cypress forest> coniferous-mixed forest> coniferous and broad-leaved forest> masson pine forest> shrub forest; soil non-capillary water storage was 3468-4416 mm, with an average of 40 35 mm, followed by cypress forest> mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forest> coniferous and mixed forest> masson pine forest> shrub forest. The total amount of rainfall intercepted by various forest ecosystems was 377 6 ~ 494 6t · hm -2 , An average of 446 56t · hm-2, the best water conservation function of cypress wood, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, coniferous mixed forest, Followed the end of pine, shrubbery minimum