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试验结果证明:在W18Cr4V钢中加入一定量的稀土金属混合物可明显地改善W18Cr4V钢的热塑性,而不降低其它性能。金相、定量金相、离子探针、电子探针和扫描电镜试验的结果说明少量稀土元素改善W18Cr4V钢热塑性的机理,主要是稀土元素富聚在晶介或相介:1)细化碳化物,改善碳化物分布,因此抑制产生在碳化物和奥氏体相介面上的显微孔洞的形成;22)净化晶介上的杂质元素,改善晶介性能,因此减缓裂纹沿晶介传播。
The test results show that adding a certain amount of rare earth metal mixture to W18Cr4V steel can obviously improve the thermoplastic property of W18Cr4V steel without reducing the other properties. The results of metallography, quantitative metallography, ion probe, electron probe and scanning electron microscopy show that the rare earth elements can improve the thermoplasticity of W18Cr4V steel. The main reason is the rare earth element enrichment in the intercrystalline or intermetallics: 1) Improve the distribution of carbides, thereby suppressing the formation of micro-cavities in the interface between carbide and austenite; and 22) purify the impurity elements on the crystal and improve the crystal-boundary properties, thereby reducing the propagation of cracks along the crystal.