全肠外营养（ＴＰＮ）在我国肿瘤外科中得到广泛应用，但国际上近年来开始对一些深层次问题进行深入研究，并取得一定进展，如恶性肿瘤与宿主营养代谢的特点及相互作用；围手术期常规应用ＴＰＮ并非对大多数患者有益；ＴＰＮ对肿瘤生长的影响不容忽视，但可与化疗合用。生长激素等特殊药物、特殊组分氨基酸和新型脂肪乳剂的基础与临床研究，为将ＴＰＮ作为一种新的治疗恶性肿瘤的手段提供了美好前景 Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been widely used in oncological surgery in China. However, in recent years, some deep-seated problems have been studied in depth and some progress has been made in the world, such as the characteristics and interactions between malignant tumors and host nutrient metabolism. Routine use of TPN during the surgical period is not beneficial to most patients; the effect of TPN on tumor growth cannot be ignored but can be combined with chemotherapy. Fundamental and clinical studies of specific drugs such as growth hormones, special components of amino acids and new fat emulsions provide a bright future for TPN as a new treatment for malignant tumors.