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为了提高钢的质量,北京钢铁研究总院与重庆特殊钢厂于1930年建立了15吨钢包喷粉处理站,设备运转正常,工艺稳定,冶金效果显著[1]。本文报导五种脱硫剂对优质炭素钢,合金结构钢和轴承钢等进行的脱硫试验结果,并研究脱硫工艺因素,覆盖渣成份变化和对钢质量的影响。在容量15吨的钢包中,采用五种以Ca-Si粉为基加入20～30%添加剂的粉剂,进行喷粉脱硫试验,结果表明,80%Ca-Si+20%CaF_2粉剂的脱硫率最佳,喷粉量为2.5～2.75Kg/T,平均脱硫率为75.6%,最高达84%。为了提高脱硫效率,喷吹时间应大于5～8分钟,由于加入20%CaF_2添加剂,使覆盖渣的流动性良好,稀释CaSi浓度提高Ca的利用率,有利于脱硫。喷吹后覆盖渣的成份变化较小,钢中氢和氮含量略有增加(+14～16%),钢的清洁度提高,钢中硫含量可达0.005%以下。
In order to improve the quality of steel, Beijing Iron and Steel Research Institute and Chongqing Special Steel Plant in 1930 established a 15-ton ladle dusting treatment station, the equipment is operating normally, the process is stable, the metallurgical effect is significant [1]. This paper reports the desulfurization results of five kinds of desulfurizing agents on high quality carbon steel, alloy structural steel and bearing steel. The desulfurization process factors, the changes of slag composition and the influence on the steel quality are also studied. In the 15-tonne capacity ladle, five kinds of powder with 20-30% additive based on Ca-Si powder were used to carry out the powder desulfurization test. The results showed that the desulfurization rate of 80% Ca-Si + 20% CaF 2 powder was the highest Good, the amount of dusting 2.5 ~ 2.75Kg / T, the average desulfurization rate of 75.6%, up to 84%. In order to improve the desulfurization efficiency, the injection time should be more than 5 to 8 minutes, due to the addition of 20% CaF 2 additive, so that the flow of slag coverage is good, dilute CaSi concentration to improve the utilization of Ca, is conducive to desulfurization. The composition of the mulching slag changed little after injection, the content of hydrogen and nitrogen in the steel increased slightly (+ 14-16%), the cleanliness of the steel increased, and the sulfur content in the steel could reach below 0.005%.