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目的 以薄层断层解剖学研究为基础 ,研究颈静脉孔区结构的CT和MRI表现。方法选取 2个经 10 %甲醛溶液浸泡的成年头颅标本行CT和MR扫描后 ,以 1mm层厚薄层切片。选取 2 0例无颅底区和鼻咽部病变的CT平扫并增强的病例作为CT组正常研究对象 ,采用CT螺旋扫描 ,高质量 (HQ)扫描模式。选择健康志愿者 2 0例行MR扫描 ,扫描序列包括SET1WI、快速自旋回波 (FSE)T2 WI和三维傅立叶采集稳态梯度回波 (3Dradio frequencyfourieracquiredsteady state ,3DRF FAST)。结果 颈静脉孔区分为颈静脉孔内口、孔腔和外口 3个层面。在颈静脉孔入口 ,有分别包绕舌咽神经的舌咽道和包绕迷走神经、副神经的迷走道 ,CT可显示舌咽道和迷走道 (2 0例 ,10 0 % ) ,MRI可分别显示舌咽神经进入舌咽道 ,迷走副神经进入迷走道 ,其中 3DRF FAST序列为 17例 (85 % ) ,SET1WI序列为14例 (70 % ) ,FSET2 WI序列为 10例 (5 0 % )。在颈静脉孔腔 ,舌咽神经、岩下窦、迷走神经、副神经和颈静脉球由前内向后外依次排列 ,CT检查难以分辨腔内结构 ,MR 3DRF FAST序列中 16例 (80 % )可显示。颈静脉孔的外口与舌下神经管相毗邻。CT显示外口形状。在与舌下神经管平行的MR斜矢状面上 ,可同时显示后组脑神经分别经颈静脉孔外口和舌下神经出、入颅。结论?
Objective To study the CT and MRI findings of the jugular foramen region based on the thin-section anatomy. Methods Two craniocerebral specimens soaked in 10% formalin solution were scanned by CT and MR imaging and sliced with a slice of 1 mm thickness. Twenty cases of CT scan without enhancement of skull base area and nasopharyngeal lesions were selected as the normal subjects in the CT group. CT helical scan and high quality (HQ) scan were used. Healthy volunteers were selected for 20 MR MR scans. The scanning sequences included SET1 WI, FSE T2 WI, and 3DRF FAST. Results The jugular foramen was divided into three parts: the internal jugular foramen, the cavity and the external orifice. At the jugular foramen entrance, there are vestibulo-pharyngeal passages surrounding the glossopharyngeal nerve and vagal veins surrounding the vagus nerve and accessory nerve respectively. CT can show the glossopharyngeal and vagal channels (20 cases, 100%), respectively There were 17 cases (85%) in the 3DRF FAST sequence, 14 cases (70%) in the SET1WI sequence and 10 cases (50%) in the FSET2 WI sequence, showing that the glossopharyngeal nerve enters the glossopharyngeal tract and the vagus nerve enters the vagus channel. The jugular vein cavity, the glossopharyngeal nerve, the petrosal sinus, the vagus nerve, the accessory nerve and the jugular bulb were arranged in order from the anteromedial to the posterior, and CT examination was difficult to distinguish the intracavitary structure. Sixteen cases (80%) of the MR 3DRF FAST sequences showed . The outer orifice of the jugular foramina is adjacent to the hypoglossal canal. CT shows the shape of the mouth. In the MR oblique sagittal plane parallel to the hypoglossal canal, the posterior group of cranial nerves can be simultaneously shown to exit through the jugular foramen ovale and sublingual nerves, respectively, into the skull. in conclusion?