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目的了解北京市怀柔区2001—2014年艾滋病的流行病学特点,为卫生行政部门制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2001—2014年怀柔区人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者及艾滋病(AIDS)患者的数据进行分析。结果 2001—2014年怀柔区HIV/AIDS累计发病人数为44例,累计发病率和病死率分别为0.89/10万和11.43%。新发病例男女性别比为4.50∶1(36∶8);发病平均年龄为34岁,其中以20~39岁年龄组为主(63.64)%;职业中居前3位的是家政家务及待业(27.27%)、农民(15.91%)、工人(15.91%)和干部(11.36%),共占70.45%;文化程度以初中及以下为主,占45.45%;民族以汉族为主,占81.82%;婚姻状况以未婚为主,占50%。外省户籍有24例(54.55%),传播途径中以性传播为主,占93.18%(41/44),尤其是男男同性传播,占61.36%(27/44)。结论怀柔区在加强HIV感染者和AIDS患者管理的同时,应重点做好男男同性恋人群HIV抗体的筛查工作,加大AIDS监测和检测力度,做到病例早发现、早治疗。加强对流动人口的管理和对高危人群以健康宣教为主的综合性干预措施,控制本区AIDS疫情的传播和流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of AIDS in Huairou District of Beijing from 2001 to 2014 and to provide a scientific basis for the health administrative department to formulate prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HIV-infected and AIDS patients in Huairou from 2001 to 2014. Results The cumulative incidence of HIV / AIDS in Huairou from 2001 to 2014 was 44 and the cumulative incidence and mortality were 0.89 / 100 000 and 11.43% respectively. The average age at onset was 34 years old, of which age ranged from 20 to 39 (63.64%). The top 3 occupations were domestic and housework and unemployed 27.27%), peasants (15.91%), workers (15.91%) and cadres (11.36%), accounting for a total of 70.45%; junior high school and below accounted for 45.45% of the total population; ethnic minorities accounted for 81.82% Marital status of unmarried, accounting for 50%. There were 24 cases of household registration in other provinces (54.55%). Sexual transmission was the main route of transmission, accounting for 93.18% (41/44), especially male and same-sex transmission, accounting for 61.36% (27/44). Conclusions While strengthening the management of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients, Huairou District should focus on the screening of HIV antibody among gay male homosexuals and increase the monitoring and detection of AIDS so that cases can be detected and treated early. Strengthen the management of floating population and health-based education for high-risk groups based comprehensive interventions to control AIDS epidemic spread and prevalence in the area.