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小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是近年发现的一类内源性非编码单链RNA,在转录后水平对基因表达发挥负调控作用,参与细胞生长、发育、凋亡等重要生物过程。研究发现miRNA-21在肿瘤的发生发展过程中扮演着非常重要的角色,在不同类型肿瘤中的表达均出现明显上升,与肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭、血管的生成和抗药性等生物学行为相关。本文将从miRNA-21的表达与定位、对靶基因的调控以及对miRNA-21的转录调控等方面进行综述。
Small RNAs (miRNAs), a type of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA found in recent years, play a negative regulatory role in gene expression at post-transcriptional level and are involved in important biological processes such as cell growth, development and apoptosis. It has been found that miRNA-21 plays a very important role in tumorigenesis and progression. The expression of miRNA-21 is significantly increased in different types of tumors and is related to the biological behavior of tumor cells such as proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and drug resistance . This article reviews the expression and localization of miRNA-21, the regulation of target genes and the transcriptional regulation of miRNA-21.