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灾害是来自自然界、被改变和/或被建构的环境,以及产生社会经济脆弱性条件的、有潜在破坏性行为的一个过程/事件。灾害研究涉及、影响和关注到一个社会所有方面与环境的关系。环境抵抗性、韧性以及适应性,已经成为减少灾害对社会实际的或未来的灾害影响的重要理念。在经济、社会、人口、意识形态和科技因素共同作用下,灾害问题比以往任何时候都显得更加错综复杂。重建以及减少脆弱性、气候变化应成为灾害人类学家重点关注的两个版块。灾害植根于人类社会中,怎样从政策研究转移到实践研究,是对人类学特有的理念和方法的挑战,作为人类学家,我们应该做好应对和接受这个挑战。
Disasters are a naturally occurring, altered and / or constructed environment, and a potentially destructive process / event that creates conditions of socio-economic vulnerability. Disaster research involves influencing and focusing on the relationship of the environment to all aspects of a society. Environmental resistance, resilience and adaptability have become important concepts for reducing the real or future disasters impact of disasters on society. Disaster problems have become more complicated than ever before in the face of the combined effects of economic, social, demographic, ideological and technological factors. Reconstruction and vulnerability reduction, climate change should be the focus of disaster anthropologists in two sections. Disasters are rooted in human society and how to shift from policy research to practical research is a challenge to anthropological concepts and methods. As an anthropologist, we should deal with and accept this challenge.