目的研究肺癌病因，进一步明确肺癌组织中上皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）基因表达与肺癌危险因素的关系。方法用ＤＮＡ－ＤＮＡ原位杂交方法检测了人原发性肺癌中ＥＧＦＲ基因表达情况。结果４２例肺癌组织中，ＥＧＦＲ表达阳性率为７６２％，其中鳞癌阳性率为８２４％，腺癌为６６７％；使用煤炉１０ａ及以上者，吸烟１０ａ及以上，吸烟量超过１０支／ｄ者，其ＥＧＦＲ表达阳性率较高。结论ＥＧＦＲ的高表达可能是上述危险因素作用的结果，从而引起肺癌的发生。 Objective To study the etiology of lung cancer and further clarify the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene expression and lung cancer risk factors in lung cancer. Methods DNA-DNA in situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of EGFR gene in human primary lung cancer. Results In 42 lung cancer tissues, the positive rate of EGFR expression was 76. 2%, of which the positive rate of squamous cell carcinoma was 82.4%, and the adenocarcinoma was 66.7%. The use of coal stove 10a and above, smoking 10a and above, smoking If the amount exceeds 10/d, the positive rate of EGFR expression is higher. Conclusion The high expression of EGFR may be the result of the above mentioned risk factors, leading to the occurrence of lung cancer.