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目的分析黄山市2002~2006年麻疹流行病学特征,提出控制麻疹策略。方法采用描述流行病学方法,运用SPSS 13.0软件分析、评价。结果黄山市2002~2006年共报告麻疹疑似病例706例,确诊380例,年均发病率5.27/10万。麻疹发病呈散发和暴发共存的流行模式。发病高峰在3~5月和12月,发病年龄以5~39岁人群为主。病例中有免疫史的占29.20%,无免疫史的占32.30%,免疫史不详的占38.50%。结论免疫空白和免疫失败人群的自然积累是麻疹发病的主要原因。进一步加强麻疹疫苗的常规免疫,考虑对大年龄组人群接种麻疹疫苗,提高麻疹监测质量,是加速控制麻疹的重要策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Huangshan from 2002 to 2006 and put forward the measles control strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze and evaluate using SPSS 13.0 software. Results A total of 706 suspected cases of measles were reported in Huangshan from 2002 to 2006, 380 cases were diagnosed with the average annual incidence of 5.27 / 100000. The incidence of measles was a common pattern of dissemination and outbreaks. Incidence peak in March to May and December, the age of onset to 5 to 39-year-old population-based. Cases of immune history accounted for 29.20%, 32.30% of non-immune history, unknown history of immunization accounted for 38.50%. Conclusion The natural accumulation of immune blank and immune failure population is the main reason of measles. To further strengthen the routine immunization against measles vaccine and consider measles vaccination to the large age group and improve the quality of measles surveillance is an important strategy to speed up the control of measles.