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在学习物理学的过程中,经常碰到各种物理现象,需要学生用文字来说明、比较或论证,即要求学生就物理现象回答“为什么”。要正确地解答这一类说理题,就要求学生能深刻了解物理现象的本质,了解现象间的相互联系,并且善于应用概念、定律和公式对现象作出正确的解释。这对加深学生对基础知识的理解,发展学生思维能力很有好处。所以,解答说理题的教学在整个物理教学中就占据一定的地位。现行的初中部编教材,计算题减少,而说理题的比重大大增加。如初三《物理》课本中共有185道练习题,计算题仅有46道,占24.9%,问答题有139道(基本上是说理题)占75.1%。鉴于解答说理题在物理教学中的地位及现
In the process of learning physics, it often encounters various physical phenomena. Students are required to use words to explain, compare or demonstrate, that is, to ask students to answer “why” on physical phenomena. To answer this type of reasoning question correctly, students are required to be able to profoundly understand the nature of physical phenomena, understand the interrelationships between phenomena, and be good at applying concepts, laws and formulas to correctly explain phenomena. This is good for students to deepen their understanding of basic knowledge and develop students’ thinking ability. Therefore, the teaching of solving the problem occupies a certain position in the entire physics teaching. The current textbooks for junior middle schools have reduced the number of calculation questions, and the proportion of the topics has increased greatly. For example, in the “Physics” textbook, there were 185 practice questions in the third grade, and there were only 46 calculation questions, accounting for 24.9%, and 139 questions (basically, the topic) accounted for 75.1%. In view of the solution to the problem and the status of the subject in physics teaching