以钢结构平台方式开创海上采油历史以来,世界海洋石油事业已经取得了巨大进展。钢结构海洋平台分勘探钻井用的浮动平台或自升式平台和采油用的固定式平台两类。固定式平台又分为导管架式、重力式、浮体式和铰链式四种,其中以桩基钢质导管架式最为常用。 Since the history of offshore oil production started with the steel structure platform, the world’s offshore oil industry has made tremendous progress. Steel-structured offshore platforms are divided into two types: floating platforms for exploration drilling or self-elevating platforms and stationary platforms for oil production. The fixed platform is further divided into four types: jacket type, gravity type, floating type and hinge type. Among them, the pile type steel jacket type is most commonly used.