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目的了解安徽省蚌埠市成年居民血脂异常患病情况及可能影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,2014年9月—2015年9月从蚌埠市4个行政区中抽取8个社区共1 545名居民,其中男性468名,女性1 077名,年龄(55.19±12.07)岁,进行问卷调查(年龄、性别、慢性病患病情况)、体格检查(身高、体重、腰围、臀围等),测量其血压、空腹血糖及血脂水平,研究血脂异常患病率并分析其危险因素。结果抽样居民血脂异常患者共826人(53.5%),其中男性220人(47.0%),女性606人(56.3%)。男性的患病率随着年龄的增长呈现降低趋势,高峰期出现在50~59岁年龄段;而女性的血脂异常患病率一直呈现上升趋势,高峰期出现在≥70岁年龄段。血脂异常人群的体质指数[(23.92±3.21)vs.(23.14±3.06)]、腰围[(84.6±9.5)vs.(79.5±9.3)]、腰臀比[(0.89±0.08)vs.(0.82±0.07)]、收缩压[(133.52±11.43)vs.(127.49±11.58)]、舒张压[(82.07±10.58)vs.(79.86±9.87)]、胆固醇[(4.96±1.04)vs.(4.68±0.77)]、甘油三酯[(2.15±1.32)vs.(1.42±0.43)]、高血压患病率(33.6%vs.26.2%)、糖尿病患病率(8.4%vs.5.6%)、超重率(44.7%vs.32.7%)和肥胖率(11.2%vs.4.7%)均高于血脂正常人群,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、经常锻炼的频率(33.3%vs.40.9%)低于血脂正常的人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示腰围、腰臀比、超重是血脂异常的独立危险因素,有规律的体育锻炼是其保护因素。结论蚌埠市成年居民血脂异常患病率较高,应加强对中心性肥胖和绝经期妇女等高危人群的重点防治。
Objective To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults in Bengbu City of Anhui Province and its possible influencing factors. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used. From September 2014 to September 2015, a total of 1 545 residents in 8 communities were selected from 4 administrative districts in Bengbu, including 468 males and 1,077 females, and their ages ( 55.19 ± 12.07) years old were investigated by questionnaire (age, gender, prevalence of chronic diseases), physical examinations (height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, etc.), blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels were measured to study the prevalence of dyslipidemia And analyze its risk factors. Results A total of 826 people (53.5%) were sampled with dyslipidemia, of whom 220 were males (47.0%) and 606 were females (56.3%). The prevalence of males decreased with the increase of age, and the peak appeared in the age range of 50-59 years. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in females was always on the rise, with the peak at ≥70 years of age. Body mass index [(23.92 ± 3.21) vs. (23.14 ± 3.06)], waist circumference (84.6 ± 9.5 vs. 79.5 ± 9.3), waist to hip ratio (0.89 ± 0.08) vs. (0.82 ± 0.07), systolic blood pressure (133.52 ± 11.43) vs. (127.49 ± 11.58), diastolic blood pressure (82.07 ± 10.58) vs. (79.86 ± 9.87), cholesterol (4.96 ± 1.04 vs. 4.68 ± 0.77), triglyceride (2.15 ± 1.32) vs. (1.42 ± 0.43), prevalence of hypertension (33.6% vs.26.2%), prevalence of diabetes (8.4% vs.5.6% The rates of overweight (44.7% vs.32.7%) and obesity (11.2% vs.4.7%) were higher than those with normal blood lipids and HDL cholesterol. The frequency of regular exercise (33.3% vs.40.9%) was lower than that of normal blood lipids Of the population, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and overweight were independent risk factors for dyslipidemia. Regular physical exercise was the protective factor. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult residents in Bengbu City is high. Key prevention and treatment of high risk population such as central obesity and postmenopausal women should be strengthened.