作为民居的土窑洞是西北地区特有的建筑物。然而,西北是个多地震地区,震级达到8.5级的海原大地震和8级的古浪大地震就发生在该地区,中强地震则屡有发生。土窑洞是经受不住强烈地震的袭击的,在历次中强地震中也大量破坏。因此,土窑洞的抗震能力为人们所关注。西北地区的土窑洞主要有崖窑和拱窑两种。崖窑系开凿崖壁而成(照片1、图1)。拱窑又称土旋窑,系用土坯砌筑而成(照片2、图2)。对于这两种构造土窑洞在中强地震中的表现介绍如下: As a folk house, Tomb Cave is a unique building in the northwest region. However, the northwestern China is a multi-earthquake region. The Haiyuan earthquake with magnitude 8.5 and the Gulang earthquake with magnitude 8 occurred in the area. Moderate-strong earthquakes occur frequently. Tujia caves are unable to withstand strong earthquakes and are also destroyed in large earthquakes in the past. Therefore, the earthquake resistance of Tujia Cave is of concern to people. There are two types of cave kiln in the northwest region, cliff kiln and arch kiln. Cliff kiln made a cliff (Photo 1, Figure 1). The arch kiln, also known as the soil rotary kiln, is made of adobe bricks (photo 2, fig. 2). The performance of these two structural clay caves in the medium-strong earthquake is described as follows: