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近年来,运动中的脑损伤日益引起公众关注。脑损伤在运动领域中名称、类型和严重程度各异。但应注意脑损伤并非仅限于运动领域,青少年中非运动性机制(如车祸)是导致外伤性脑损伤(TBI)更为常见的原因。尽管如此,仅美国每年就有多达160到380万例运动导致的TBI。这些损伤对全球卫生保健系统造成极大浪费,使TBI成为治疗最为昂贵的儿童疾病之一。本文旨在确定运动中常见的脑损伤,并描述其发病率、伤后大脑受到哪些影响、如何识别并处理这些损伤,以及能预期恢复至何种程度,还探讨一些针对脑损伤运动员的恢复活动。
In recent years, brain injury during exercise has drawn increasing public concern. Brain injury has different names, types and severity in the field of exercise. However, it should be noted that brain damage is not limited to the area of exercise, and non-motor exercise in adolescents (eg car accidents) is the more common cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Nonetheless, there are as many as 1.6 to 3.8 million cases of TBI per year in the United States alone. These injuries have caused tremendous waste in the global health care system, making TBI one of the most cost-effective childhood diseases. The purpose of this article is to identify common brain injuries during exercise and to describe their morbidity, what are the effects on the brain after the injury, how they are identified and treated, and to what extent they can be expected to be recovered, and also to explore some recovery activities for those with brain damage .