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目的应用空间流行病学方法分析2009~2012年全国急性血吸虫病疫情特征,探索回顾性时空重排扫描统计量在急性血吸虫病聚集性探测中的应用。方法收集2009~2012年全国急性血吸虫病病例个案资料,建立个案和空间数据库并进行描述流行病学分析,应用回顾性时空重排扫描统计量方法(采用SaTScan 9.1.1和ArcGIS 9.3等软件)对急性血吸虫病病例进行空间聚集性分析。结果 2009~2012年全国共报告急性血吸虫病例136例,病例数自2009年以来急剧减少,并在2011年减少至历史低点(3例),2012年略有增多;急性血吸虫病病例以第30~42周较多,集中在湖区四省,感染者以学生(30.88%)、农民(26.47%)和渔船民(16.91%)居多,男女比例为9.46︰1;时空聚集性分析共发现3个主要聚集区域:2009年6~10月江西省的鄱阳湖区域和安徽省的长江流域(LLR=11.18,RR=3.33),2010年7~8月安徽省的长江流域(LLR=11.53,RR=7.68)和2010年6~11月湖南洞庭湖区域(LLR=5.61,RR=3.06)。结论全国急性血吸虫病疫情维持在较低水平,回顾性时空重排扫描统计量可用于揭示急性血吸虫病时空聚集性分布的特征,并为急性血吸虫的防控提供依据。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute schistosomiasis in China from 2009 to 2012 using the method of space epidemiology and to explore the application of retrospective space-time rearrangement scanning statistics in the detection of acute schistosomiasis. Methods The data of cases of acute schistosomiasis from 2009 to 2012 were collected, case and space databases were established, and the epidemiological analysis was described. The retrospective space-time rearrangement scanning statistics (using software such as SaTScan 9.1.1 and ArcGIS 9.3) Acute schistosomiasis cases spatial clustering analysis. Results A total of 136 cases of acute schistosomiasis were reported nationwide from 2009 to 2012. The number of acute schistosomiasis cases dropped sharply from 2009 to 2009 and dropped to a record low in 2011 (3 cases), with a slight increase in 2012. Cases of acute schistosomiasis were reported in section 30 ~ 42 weeks were more concentrated in the four provinces of Lake District, with the majority of infected persons (30.88%), farmers (26.47%) and fishing boat people (16.91%), the ratio of male to female was 9.46︰1; spatiotemporal aggregation analysis found 3 The main gathering areas are the Poyang Lake area in Jiangxi Province and the Yangtze River valley in Anhui Province (LLR = 11.18, RR = 3.33) from June to October in 2009, the Yangtze River valley in Anhui Province from July to August 2010 (LLR = 11.53, RR = 7.68) and the Dongting Lake area from June to November 2010 (LLR = 5.61, RR = 3.06). Conclusion The epidemic situation of acute schistosomiasis in our country is kept at a low level. The retrospective spatial and temporal rearrangement scanning statistics can be used to reveal the spatial and temporal distribution of acute schistosomiasis, and provide the basis for the prevention and control of acute schistosomiasis.