凡研究土壤形成演化、植物生长发育以及工程土壤机械特性的人,都一致认识到至少是定性地认识到土壤水分含量及能量状况,几乎影响着土壤中每一个物理、化学和生物过程。某一点上的土壤水分含量及能量状况,主要取决于(1)水分移动的物理过程,以及(2)促使水分消长的生物、化学、物理过程和反应。落在地表的水分如雨水或灌溉水等,大部分可以通过渗透、排水、蒸发、在土壤中的再分配以及植物 Anyone who studies soil formation and evolution, plant growth and development, and the mechanical properties of engineering soils all come to the consensus that soil moisture content and energy status are at least qualitatively recognized and affect virtually every physical, chemical, and biological process in the soil. The soil moisture content and energy status at a certain point depend mainly on (1) the physical processes of water movement, and (2) the biological, chemical, physical processes and reactions that promote the growth and decline of water. Most of the water that falls on the ground, such as rainwater or irrigation water, can penetrate, drain, evaporate, redistribute in the soil, and plants