麻疹是儿童最常见的急性呼吸道传染病之一,其传染性很强,在人口密集而未普种疫苗的地区易发生流行,2~3年一次大流行。麻疹病毒属副黏液病毒,通过呼吸道分泌物飞沫传播。临床上以发热、上呼吸道炎症、眼结膜炎及皮肤出现红色斑丘疹和颊黏膜上有麻疹黏膜斑,疹退后遗留色素沉着伴糠麸样脱屑为特征。常并发呼吸道疾病如中耳炎、喉-气管炎、肺炎等,麻疹脑炎、亚急性硬化性全脑炎等严重并发症。少数人患第二次麻疹,多见 Measles is one of the most common acute respiratory infections in children and is highly contagious and prone to epidemics in areas that are densely populated but not universal vaccines, with a pandemic in two to three years. Morbillivirus is a paramyxovirus that spreads through droplets of respiratory secretions. Clinically, fever, upper respiratory tract inflammation, conjunctivitis and skin appear red rash and buccal mucosa with measles mucosal spots, rash left after pigmentation with bran-like scaling. Often complicated by respiratory diseases such as otitis media, laryngeal - bronchitis, pneumonia, measles encephalitis, subacute sclerosing encephalitis and other serious complications. A small number of second measles, more common