建国以来,我国铁路已修建长达一千多公里的隧道。从大量实践中积累了丰富的经验,隧道的设计、施工水平和运营质量均有了很大的提高。但是,由于我国幅员广大,自然条件复杂,同时限于我们对客观事物的认识能力,特别是对隧道地层压力理论和衬砌受力状态的规律,尚未很好掌握,因此,有不少隧道的衬 Since the founding of the People’s Republic, China’s railway has built more than 1,000 kilometers of tunnels. From a large number of practice has accumulated rich experience in the tunnel design, construction and operation of quality have greatly improved. However, due to the vastness of our country, the complex natural conditions, and limited to our ability to recognize objective things, especially on the formation pressure theory and the lining of the tunnel stress laws have not yet been well mastered. Therefore, many tunnel linings