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为解决我国煤矿安全事故缺乏系统性的人为因素调查、分析和分类方法的问题,基于航空领域的人为因素分析与分类系统(HFACS),提出改进的煤矿事故HFACS(HFACS-MM)。该系统包含6个事故致因层级,23个分类条目。采用专家评分、判断矩阵权重计算和一致性检验相结合的方法,确定事故致因及其权重。以辽宁省调兵山晓明矿为例,发现不安全行为是造成事故的最主要原因,其中违规操作表现最为突出。结果表明:调查和分析煤矿事故,必须综合考虑社会因素、组织的影响、不安全的监管、不安全行为的前提条件、不安全行为和事故处理等因素,充分分析造成事故发生的具体因素及其影响程度。
In order to solve the problem of systematic human factors investigation, analysis and classification in coal mine safety accident in our country, an improved coal mine accident HFACS (HFACS-MM) is proposed based on the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) in aviation field. The system consists of 6 incident-causing levels and 23 classified entries. Using the methods of combining experts’ scores, judgment matrix weight calculation and consistency test to determine the causes of accidents and their weights. Taking Xiaomin Mine in Diaobingshan Mountain of Liaoning Province as an example, it is found that the unsafe behavior is the most important cause of the accident, of which the illegal operation is the most prominent. The results show that, when investigating and analyzing coal mine accidents, the factors that cause social accidents, the influence of organization, the unsafe supervision, the preconditions of unsafe behavior, the unsafe behaviors and accident handling must be considered comprehensively, influence level.