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卢梭是古典自然法学派中的一个杰出的代表性人物。但在其政治学和法学方面的重要著作《社会契约论》中,在制度研究部分大量地采用了具有实证法学和现代法学意韵的数学定律的研究方法。这种方法在现代法学研究中得到了发展和应用,并形成了重要的学术流派,如布莱克和阿列克西等人的理论。卢梭式的数学定律法对法学研究最明显的贡献就是使传统上被认为只能够进行定性分析的一些社会现象和法律现象在一定程度上被定量化,使这些原本模糊的社会现象和法律现象相对精确化,使一些原本复杂、散乱的法学命题定律化,甚至数学模型化,从而大大地增加了这些理论和命题的科学性和可操作性,给人耳目一新之感。应当指出的是,所谓数学定律法在法学或社会科学中的运用,其局限性是很大的。只有充分认识到其局限性,才能更好地运用这种方法,并使其发挥更大的作用。
Rousseau is an outstanding representative of classical natural law school. However, in his book “Social Contract Theory”, which is an important work in political science and law, a large number of research methods of mathematical law with positive jurisprudence and modern law meaning are adopted in the system research section. This method has been developed and applied in the study of modern jurisprudence and has shaped important academic schools, such as the theories of Black and Alexei. The most obvious contribution of Rousseau’s law of mathematical law to jurisprudence is the quantification of some of the social phenomena and legal phenomena that traditionally have been considered qualitatively analytic only to the extent those relative vague social and legal phenomena have been To make some complex and scattered legal propositions law-based and even mathematicized, the science and operability of these theories and propositions have been greatly increased, giving people a fresh feeling. It should be pointed out that the limitations of the so-called mathematical law in law or social sciences are enormous. Only by fully realizing its limitations can we make better use of this method and make it play a bigger role.