在法国,传统的百科全书主义课程观和当前新的课程观的争论从未停止。一批人认为教育必须成为基本人权,必须促进经济发展,必须鼓励社会适应另一批人坚持传统课程观,认为理性知识最有价值,必须教给学生尽可能多的理性知识。法国课程改革总的取向是从两端朝中间靠拢,即既强调传授“共同文化”,又注重学生的自主学习和个性化发展。 In France, the debate between traditional encyclopedic curriculum concepts and the current new curriculum concept has never ceased. A group of people believe that education must become a basic human right and must promote economic development. The society must be encouraged to adapt to another group of people to adhere to the traditional concept of curriculum. Rational knowledge is most valuable and students must be taught as much rational knowledge as possible. The general orientation of the French curriculum reform is to move closer to the middle from both ends, that is, to emphasize not only imparting “common culture”, but also focusing on students’ autonomous learning and individualized development.