病例:男,55岁。劳累后胸闷及气短4年,加重3个月,于1994年10月入院。入院前曾被诊断为“扩张型心肌病”,经治疗效果不明显。入院后详问病史,述24年前体检时X线胸透发现“心脏扩大”,未进一步检查。查体:血压19/12kPa,心尖搏动呈抬举性、弥散,心浊音界向左扩大,心率88次/分,可闻及第4心音,各瓣膜区未 Case: male, 55 years old. After exertion, chest tightness and shortness of breath for 4 years, increased 3 months, admitted to hospital in October 1994. Before admission was diagnosed as “dilated cardiomyopathy”, the treatment effect is not obvious. Detailed medical history after admission, described 24 years ago when the X-ray examination revealed “heart enlargement”, no further examination. Physical examination: blood pressure 19 / 12kPa, apical beating was lifting, diffuse, diastolic left heart expand, heart rate 88 beats / min, can be heard and the fourth heart sound, the valve area