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总结了当前国内外关于生物成因煤层气生成机理及其影响因素、煤层中厌氧菌及其与煤层生物甲烷生成的关系和生物成因煤层气生成模拟实验研究方面的最新进展。细菌计数和分子生态学研究是考察煤层厌氧菌数量和生理特征的主要方法。煤抽提物的有机地球化学分析验证了煤层可作为生气基质产气,而生物模拟实验研究了煤层生物甲烷生成过程中各种影响因素的影响特征。国内对煤层厌氧菌的研究主要集中在细菌计数和富集培养上,而国外研究则更多关注煤中本源产甲烷菌的分子生态学特征和菌种的改良研究。
Recent advances in the current domestic and foreign research on formation mechanism of biogenic CBM and its influencing factors, the relationship between anaerobic bacteria in coal seams and the formation of biogenic methane in coal seams and the simulation experiment of biogenic coalbed methane generation are summarized. Bacterial count and molecular ecology are the main methods to investigate the quantity and physiological characteristics of anaerobic bacteria in coal seams. The organic geochemical analysis of coal extracts validates that the coal seam can be used as the gas generatrix for gas generation, and the biological simulation experiment studies the influence characteristics of various influencing factors in the biogenic methane formation process. Domestic research on anaerobic bacteria in coal seams mainly focuses on bacterial count and enrichment culture. However, foreign studies pay more attention to the molecular ecological characteristics of methane-producing methanogenic bacteria in coal and the improvement of the strain.