我们总是避兔不了历史的一错再错。鲍姆加通创立美学(Aesthetics,正确的翻译是“感性学”)这门学科时,认为艺术是感性认识,它和理性认识一样,也能通向意义或者真理。没想到,这门“感性学”在十九世纪以前,一直是“美”的天下;而到了二十世纪,在艺术作品中,“丑”又粉墨登场。但是,一些西方当代的美学家,把“美”和“丑”搁置起来,不再谈论。尼采说:“我们更喜欢不使我们想起‘善和恶’的东西。”①因为他是个非道德主 We can not avoid repeating the mistakes of history. When Baumgartner founded the discipline Aesthetics (the correct translator was “sensualism”), he considered art as perceptual knowledge, which, like rational understanding, can lead to meaning or truth. Unexpectedly, this “sensualism” was the “beauty” of the world until the nineteenth century; and in the twentieth century, “ugly” appeared again and again in works of art. However, some western contemporary aesthetics put aside “beauty” and “ugliness” and no longer talk about it. Nietzsche said: “We prefer things that do not remind us of good and evil.” ① Because he is an unethical Lord