本文探析马克思的就业理论及其发展,主要集中于工资、技术变动与劳动分工、总需求和就业调整、自然失业率等几个重要方面,并在适当的地方与西方主流经济学的就业理论进行了比较。论文的目的在于评价马克思经济学就业理论对战后资本主义就业波动的解释力,论文进一步强化了资本主义经济中失业(相对过剩人口)与资本积累紧密相关的论点。 This article explores Marx’s employment theory and its development, focusing on several important aspects such as wage, technological change and division of labor, aggregate demand and employment adjustment, and natural unemployment rate, and in appropriate places with the theory of employment in Western mainstream economics A The purpose of the dissertation is to evaluate the explanatory power of Marx’s economic employment theory to post-war capitalist employment fluctuations. The thesis further reinforces the argument that unemployment (relative surplus population) in capitalist economy is closely related to capital accumulation.