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一、前言液压弹簧一般均用含炭量0.7～0.9％的冷拔炭素钢丝制造,其组织是索氏体为基的钢线,通过多次拉拔使其断面收缩率达90％以上,获得冷塑性变形强化。目前对钢丝强化的机理是这样认为的,组成索氏体的两相结构性质相差很大,随着形变程度的增加,相的边界呈流线状——位错密度在铁素体薄片上增长,并且渐渐形成精细的胞状组织。此外,渗炭体薄片或断片起了获得精细胞状组织的作用,并使得高位错密度的胞壁稳定下来,从而使钢强化。
I. Introduction Hydraulic springs are generally made of cold-drawn carbon steel wire with a carbon content of 0.7 to 0.9%. The structure is sorbite-based steel wire, and the cross-sectional shrinkage of the steel wire obtained by multiple drawing is more than 90% Cold plastic deformation strengthening. At present, the strengthening mechanism of the steel wire is thought to be that the two-phase structural properties of sorbite vary widely. As the degree of deformation increases, the boundary of the phase is streamlined - the dislocation density increases on the ferrite sheet , And gradually formed fine cellular structure. In addition, charcoal sheets or fragments act to obtain fine cellular tissue and stabilize the cell walls with high dislocation densities, thereby strengthening the steel.