一、绪论 1.土质学研究的对象和任务土質學是以“土石”为研究对象。土質學是研究土石的物理技术性質,土石的生成条件和变化因素及评定和提高土石性質方法的地質科学。所谓“土石”,既包括松软的土,也包括了坚硬的岩石,是二者的混称。所谓“物理技术性質”,是指在設計建筑物时需要研究和利用的土石特性(如压缩性、力学强度、渗透性等)而言。 I. INTRODUCTION 1. Objects and tasks of soil science research Soil science is based on “earth and stone” as the research object. Soil science is to study the physical and technical properties of soil and stone, rock formation conditions and changing factors and methods to improve and evaluate the quality of earth science and geology. The so-called “earth and stone”, both soft soil, but also includes a hard rock, is the mix of the two. The so-called “physical and technical properties” refers to the design and construction of buildings need to study and use of the characteristics of earth and stone (such as compressibility, mechanical strength, permeability, etc.).