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目的:了解目前维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者钙磷认知水平对钙磷代谢和甲状旁腺激素的影响.方法:选取2014年1月-2017年12月期间在惠州市中大惠亚医院血透中心规律血液透析且透析龄>3个月的患者53例作为研究对象,记录患者的性别、年龄、透析龄、原发病、文化程度、近期实验室及钙磷代谢健康认知水平的调查问卷结果.结果:53例MHD患者中,男性31例(58.5%);平均年龄(53.2±13.8)岁;高中文化程度以上有16例(30.2%);有残余尿量23例(43.4%);平均透析龄22.0(9.0,40.0)个月;平均URR为(65.3±6.1)%;平均血钙水平为(2.24±0.24)mmol/L;平均血磷水平为(2.08±0.61)mmol/L;平均钙磷乘积水平为(58.4±17.5)mg2/dL2;平均iPTH水平为242.0(125.5,783.5)ng/L.53例MHD患者中,血磷达标17例(32.1%),钙磷乘积达标29例(54.7%),iPTH控制达标14例(26.4%).在53例患者的调查问卷中,得分≥40分(达标组)有43例(81.1%),得分0.05);而达标组血磷及钙磷乘积水平均明显低于非达标组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05).However,the blood phosphorus and Ca-P product in the standard group were significantly lower than those in the non-standard group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Multiple and stepwise linear regression indicated that iPTH was the independent risk factors for hyperphosphatemia (P<0.05). Conclusion:Calcium and phosphorus cognitive level significantly affect serum phosphorus and calcium-phosphate product in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Improving the cognitive level of calcium and phosphorus in maintenance hemodialysis patients is helpful to improve their quality of life and survival rate.The iPTH level is the independent risk factors for hyperphosphatemia.