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目的分析和探讨垂体Ｒａｔｈｋｅ囊肿的诊断和治疗。方法２２例经手术和病理证实为垂体Ｒａｔｈｋｅ囊肿的病例，男性８例，女性１４例。平均年龄３４．６岁。平均病程２３．５月。临床症状依次为头痛，垂体功能障碍，视功能障碍等。ＣＴ及ＭＲＩ检查表现鞍区囊性肿物。均采用经口鼻蝶窦显微手术清除囊肿内容物，切除少量囊壁，敞开囊腔。结果随诊半年至５．６年，７５％的头痛症状、７１％的视功能障碍、５０％的停经溢乳症状缓解。结论垂体Ｒａｔｈｋｅ囊肿术前较难明确诊断，对于影像学检查为鞍区囊性肿物者要考虑垂体Ｒａｔｈｋｅ囊肿。经口鼻蝶窦显微外科手术可以明确诊断，缓解症状，是治疗有症状性垂体Ｒａｔｈｋｅ囊肿的有效方法。
Objective To analyze and investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary Rathke cysts. Methods Twenty-two cases of pituitary Rathke cyst were confirmed by surgery and pathology. There were 8 males and 14 females. The average age is 34.6 years. The average duration of disease is 23.5 months. The clinical symptoms were headache, pituitary dysfunction, and visual dysfunction. CT and MRI examination showed saddle cystic mass. All patients underwent microsurgical removal of cysts by oral sphenoid sinus surgery. A small number of cyst walls were removed and the sac was opened. Results After six months of follow-up to 5.6 years, 75% of headache symptoms, 71% of visual dysfunction, and 50% of menopausal bleeding were relieved. Conclusion The pituitary Rathke cyst is difficult to be diagnosed before operation. Pituitary Rathke cysts should be considered for imaging cystic masses in sellar region. Oral sphenoid sinus microsurgery can confirm the diagnosis and relieve symptoms. It is an effective method to treat symptomatic pituitary Rathke cysts.