论文部分内容阅读
价格管制不仅是公共管理部门控制费用的手段，也是支持制药工业发展的经济性工具，但这种手段由于不能同时满足对药品需求与供给的干预，因此价格管制很难被采用。本文介绍了参考价格体系，这种方式对每一种主成分或者一组具有相同特性（在治疗效果或化学结构上相似）的药物制定一个封顶价格。１９８９ 年德国在报销药品中引入了参考定价，试图以此控制一直稳步上涨的药品费用。本文研究了德国参考定价的经济效果，用以衡量这种方法对控制全国药品费用的作用。结果显示：药品参考价格体系是一种有效的价格控制工具，但在控制药品费用方面还需其它方法的辅助。
Price regulation is not only a means of controlling public utilities costs, but also an economic tool to support the development of the pharmaceutical industry. However, price controls can hardly be adopted because such measures can not simultaneously meet the demand for pharmaceuticals and provide interventions. This article describes a reference price system that establishes a capped price for each principal component or group of drugs that have the same characteristics (either therapeutically or chemically). In 1989, Germany introduced a reference price for reimbursed drugs in an attempt to control the cost of medicines that have been steadily rising. This article examines the economic effect of reference pricing in Germany to measure the effect of this approach on the control of national drug costs. The results show that the drug reference price system is an effective price control tool, but other methods are needed to control the cost of medicines.